This issue is present on Late 2012/Early 2013 model 15" MacBook Pros that have a GT650M Graphics card. The issue can present itself in several different ways, including sudden shutdowns, kernel panicking, black screening, or just no image on the screen.
This is a very common issue on this model of MacBook. The chip responsible for creating GPU Vcore in this machine is called U8900. This chip sends out spikes of 12V into a coil, which averages out to around 0.9V on VCORE. However, the solder joints on U8900 are very suceptible to cracking over time, causing GPU VCORE to drop to 0.6V or lower. This causes the machine to randomly shut down or black screen.
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